🈴DR-ABDOMEN

Pune is currently experiencing a significant outbreak of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), with over 100 reported cases and at least one suspected fatality in Solapur. This surge has prompted health experts to investigate potential causes and issue preventive guidelines to the public.

Understanding Guillain-Barre Syndrome

GBS is a rare neurological disorder where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own nerves, leading to muscle weakness and, in severe cases, paralysis. Symptoms often begin with tingling or numbness in the legs and can progress to the arms and upper body. Other manifestations include unsteady walking, difficulty with facial movements, and abnormal heart rate or blood pressure. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as the condition can rapidly worsen.

Potential Causes of the Outbreak

While the exact cause of the current outbreak remains under investigation, health experts have identified several potential triggers:

1. Campylobacter jejuni Infection: This bacterium, commonly found in undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, and contaminated water, is a known trigger for GBS. Ingesting contaminated food or water can lead to gastrointestinal infections, which may precede the onset of GBS. citeturn0search9

2. 
   Other Infections: Respiratory or gastrointestinal infections, including those caused by viruses like Zika, have been associated with GBS. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has detected norovirus in some patients, though its direct link to GBS is still under investigation. citeturn0search7

Expert Recommendations

Dr. Priyanka Sehrawat from AIIMS Delhi emphasizes the importance of food and water safety. She advises the public to avoid eating out and to be cautious about consuming foods prone to bacterial contamination, such as paneer, cheese, and rice. Ensuring proper food handling, storage, and cooking practices can significantly reduce the risk of infection. citeturn0search4

Additionally, maintaining good personal hygiene, such as regular handwashing and avoiding contact with sick individuals, can help prevent infections that might trigger GBS.

Current Investigations and Public Health Response

The ICMR is actively investigating the outbreak, collecting and testing samples to identify the underlying cause. A central multi-disciplinary team has been deployed to assist state authorities in managing the situation. Public health officials are urging individuals experiencing symptoms like sudden weakness or numbness to seek immediate medical attention. citeturn0search7

Conclusion

While the surge in GBS cases in Pune is concerning, understanding potential triggers and adhering to expert recommendations can help mitigate the risk. By practicing proper food hygiene, avoiding consumption of potentially contaminated foods, and seeking prompt medical care for symptoms, individuals can play a crucial role in controlling the outbreak.